Prime Minister Viktor Orbán said the following regarding the planned oil embargo against Russia: "Of course, whoever has the sea and has sea ports can transport oil on ships from anywhere in the world, but there are countries that don't have seas, we would too, if not they would have been taken away..." The communication of this historical fact caused such a disproportionate reaction in Croatia, as a result of which the Hungarian ambassador was appointed in Zagreb, and then the Croatian State Archives announced the following: "No one could take away their sea, because they didn't have it." .
It is unfortunate that the Croatian State Archives shows such a high degree of historical ignorance. Let's see the facts! Before the Turkish destruction, Croatia was largely confined to the seaside, the western part of the area between the Dráva and the Sava - including Zagreb - was Slavonia, and the eastern part belonged to Hungary. From the Dózsa peasant revolt (1514) to the peace of Pozarevác and the liberation of Temesköz (1718), war raged in the country for two hundred years, as a result of which the vast plain stretching from Buda to Belgrade, the heart of the Hungarian people's living space, became almost depopulated! And after the expulsion of the Turks - III. During the reign of Károly (1711-40) and especially Mária Terézi (1740-80) - a spontaneous and organized mass migration similar to the later American immigration started towards the former accommodation area of the Hungarians. Cardinal Lipót Kollonich's large-scale resettlement plan was based on the principle that at the imperial level tax revenue could only be increased by increasing the number of taxpayers, so the depopulated parts of the country had to be settled from abroad. The former accommodation areas of the Hungarians - in the area in question - were mostly occupied by Serbs and Romanians who settled from abroad, as well as Croats who expanded from the west. The Viennese court and the aristocracy settled about 400,000 Germans from the overpopulated German provinces.
While three-quarters of the population of the Carpathian Basin were Hungarian during the reign of King Matthias, by the end of Mária Theresa's reign, this proportion had fallen below forty percent - as a result of the destruction of Hungarians and mass immigration. From there it was a straight road to Trianon.
It would be good if Brussels knew Hungarian history, because then it would not force uncontrolled and mass immigration to deal with Europe's demographic problem!
I note that the still unresolved Kosovo problem arose when the country was liberated. In 1690, 30,000-40,000 Serbian families fled from Kosovo to Southern Hungary under the leadership of the Patriarch of Ipek, and were replaced by Albanians. The reason for the exodus was that the advance of the Habsburg troops was interrupted by the most Christian king, the French, and attacked Austria from behind, so the war of liberation was interrupted. And the Kosovo Serbs, who were incited by the Austrians, could not remain under Turkish rule.
The restoration of the medieval territory of Hungary began after the expulsion of the Turks. Quotations from the Hungarian Catholic Lexicon: "Az 1715:92. etc. Pozsega, Verőce, Valkó, Szerém... etc. He ordered his return to Mo. 1722. X. 8. and 1723. III. 19: in the Ogy distribution, Valkó and Verőce were written as mo-i vm." I highlight the word feedback from the quote! The listed counties were located between the Dráva and Száva rivers. Since Hungary's ethnographic conditions have fundamentally changed compared to before Mohács, Queen Mária Theresia rearranged Hungary's southern border. And now comes the point: "1764: together with Verőce and Pozsega vm. in exchange for the city of Fiume, Croatian-Slavonic. became part of .
” So Queen Mária Theresa did not give Hungary a gift from the body of Croatia! This exchange was enshrined in law by the queen's decree dated April 23, 1779, in which the city of Fiume, located on the coast of the Adriatic Sea, was annexed to Hungary as a corpus separatum, i.e. as a separate territory. (Rubicon historical magazine, historian M. Tamás Tarján.) The small town of Fiume and three other small mountain villages were thus transferred to Hungary as a generous territorial exchange. We gave Croatia three counties for twenty square kilometers, because in the end they got Szerém County too! Before the queen's territorial planning, these counties never belonged to Croatia! The queen brought Hungary to the sea because she saw from the example of Trieste how much a seaport boosts the economic development of a country. The territorial dispute over the compromise had no legal basis! And the town of Fiume was developed by Hungary into one of the largest ports in the Mediterranean! Gábor Baross, the "iron minister", played a decisive role in this, whose name was not even tolerated by the new owner after the change of empire. An interesting parallel today: Khrushchev tore the Crimean peninsula from the body of Russia and gave it to Ukraine - without compensation - but the Croats find nothing wrong with this now, during the crisis in Ukraine, they are protecting Ukraine's territorial integrity.
The statement of the Croatian State Archives proves that without the knowledge of history - in this region devastated by Trianon - there will never be spiritual peace between the nations! A jointly written history book would be much needed! Furthermore, it is particularly painful that the XVIII. Due to the weakness of our history education, the Hungarian nation has only a vague idea of the tragic events of the 20th century for Hungarians (population exchange).
Author: Pál Bartha ny. forest engineer, Telki
Cover photo: Andor Dudits's historicizing painting about the return of Fiume
